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--- primaryColor: steelblue shuffleQuestions: false shuffleAnswers: true --- ### ___ is the process of verifying the identity of a user, system, or device. - [X] Authentication - [ ] Authorization - [ ] Accounting - [ ] Encryption ### A ___ ___ is a profile used by end users in the network for determining access. - [X] User Account - [ ] Group Policy - [ ] Access Control List - [ ] Security Certificate ### What is the CLI command to create a domain user? - [X] `net user username password /add /domain` - [ ] `useradd username` - [ ] `adduser /domain username password` - [ ] `create /domain user username password` ### What defines the way data is named, stored, organized, and accessed on a hard drive? - [X] File System - [ ] Partition Table - [ ] Disk Management - [ ] RAID Configuration ### What are three of the six key features of NTFS? - [ ] Compression; Disk Quotas; File and folder security (DACLs & SACLs) - [ ] Reliability using transaction-based logging; Encryption; Mounted Volumes - [ ] Journaling; File Compression; File Sharing - [X] Both A and B ### Windows uses what type of directory structure? - [ ] Linear Structure - [X] Hierarchical Structure - [ ] Graph-Based Structure - [ ] Circular Structure ### What is the mechanism by which a system determines the level of access an authenticated user has to system resources? - [ ] Authentication - [X] Authorization - [ ] Encryption - [ ] Role Assignment ### What is also known as Command Prompt or cmd.exe? - [ ] Windows Shell - [X] Windows Command Line - [ ] Batch Processor - [ ] Windows Explorer ### What Windows command displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values? - [X] `ipconfig` - [ ] `ifconfig` - [ ] `netstat` - [ ] `tracert` ### _____ is a cross-platform task automation and configuration management framework from Microsoft. - [X] PowerShell - [ ] Batch Scripts - [ ] Ansible - [ ] CMD ### What are the three key features of PowerShell? - [X] Command-line interface, Scripting Language, Cmdlets - [ ] Shell Scripting, Task Scheduling, GUI Integration - [ ] Network Management, Debugging, User Interface - [ ] System Monitoring, Task Execution, Version Control ### What are the three backup types? - [X] Full, Incremental, Differential - [ ] Daily, Weekly, Monthly - [ ] Snapshots, System Restore, Full - [ ] Remote, Local, Cloud ### What is a record of system or user activities? - [X] Log File - [ ] Audit Trail - [ ] Event History - [ ] System Registry ### What is the PowerShell cmdlet to see all logs? - [X] `Get-EventLog *` - [ ] `View-Logs` - [ ] `Show-AllLogs` - [ ] `Display-LogHistory` ### What in Windows are automated processes that run at specific times or in response to specific events? - [ ] Batch Files - [ ] Task Scheduler - [ ] Services - [X] Scheduled Tasks ### What are the two modes in Windows OS? - [ ] Application Mode and Driver Mode - [X] User Mode and Kernel Mode - [ ] Admin Mode and Secure Mode - [ ] Single Mode and Multi-User Mode ### What is the sequence of steps the computer goes through when it is powered on? - [ ] Initialization Sequence - [X] Boot Process - [ ] BIOS Startup - [ ] System Load ### The firmware is loaded in ___ phase? - [X] Phase 1 - Pre-Boot - [ ] Phase 2 - Post-Boot - [ ] Phase 3 - System Initialization - [ ] Phase 4 - Kernel Execution ### What are the three responsibilities of the bootmgr? - [X] Switches from real mode to protected mode; Reads BCD; Starts nload.exe - [ ] Loads BIOS Settings; Loads Kernel; Configures Hardware - [ ] Configures UEFI; Executes Bootloader; Starts OS - [ ] Powers CPU; Enables Secure Boot; Configures Memory ### The kernel sits between the ___ and the ___? - [ ] BIOS and OS - [X] Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) and the Executives - [ ] Application Layer and Hardware Drivers - [ ] System Resources and User Applications ### What are the five Kernel Designs? - [X] Monolithic Kernel, Microkernel, Hybrid Kernel, Exokernel, Virtual Kernel - [ ] Modular Kernel, Nano Kernel, Protected Kernel, Legacy Kernel, Secure Kernel - [ ] Centralized Kernel, Distributed Kernel, Virtual Kernel, Protected Kernel, Multi-Mode Kernel - [ ] Dynamic Kernel, Static Kernel, Fault-Tolerant Kernel, Unified Kernel, Process Kernel ### What are the disadvantages of a Monolithic Kernel? - [X] Any service failure leads to entire system failure; New services require rebuilding the OS; Security vulnerabilities - [ ] Lack of modularity; Slower system performance; No error handling - [ ] Incompatible with modern hardware; Limited scalability; Complex debugging - [ ] Poor memory management; No multitasking; Outdated design ### What kernel exposes hardware resources directly to user-level applications and provides minimal abstractions, allowing applications to manage resources efficiently? - [X] Exokernel - [ ] Microkernel - [ ] Hybrid Kernel - [ ] Monolithic Kernel ### A ____ ____ is a set of standard performance metrics or behaviors established for processes running on a system. - [X] Process Baseline - [ ] System Benchmark - [ ] Activity Metric - [ ] Performance Template ### What in computing refers to the ability of a system to manage multiple tasks or processes simultaneously? - [X] Concurrency - [ ] Parallelism - [ ] Multi-Threading - [ ] Task Scheduling ### This benefit of concurrency maximizes the use of available processing resources (CPU cores) by keeping them busy with productive work. - [X] Resource Utilization - [ ] Task Management - [ ] Load Balancing - [ ] Process Optimization ### What are the two types of interruptions? - [X] Software and Hardware - [ ] Critical and Non-Critical - [ ] User-Triggered and System-Triggered - [ ] Synchronous and Asynchronous ### ___ are events that disrupt the normal flow of execution in a program, often due to errors. - [X] Exceptions - [ ] Interrupts - [ ] Signals - [ ] Anomalies